Starship exploded in mid-air last Thursday.

When Portuguese navigator Bartolomeu Dias saw a promontory in 1488, he named it Cape of Storms for the stormy weather and rough seas he encountered there. However, Portuguese King John II renamed it Cape of Good Hope, because the discovery, which ascertained the southern limits of the African continent, was a good omen that India could be reached by sea from Europe. Some sources attribute the present name to Dias himself.

In less than three minutes, Starship that cost hundreds of millions of dollars went up in flames. Last Thursday, engineer and entrepreneur Elon Musk launched it in an orbital test flight from Texas, the United States. The rocket lift off the launch pad — kind of a triumph — but it exploded in mid-air, leading to the grounding of the program by the Federal Aviation Administration for the time being until further evaluation. NASA last year awarded SpaceX $2.9 billion specifically for Starship, which is envisioned as the lunar lander for the agency's Artemis program no earlier than 2025.

At 120 metres in height and with a liftoff mass of 5,000 tons, Starship is the largest and most powerful launch vehicle ever flown and the first intended to be fully reusable. The launch vehicle consists of the first-stage Super Heavy booster and the second-stage Starship spacecraft. 

They say that a disaster is a blessing in disguise. It may sound like a philosophical statement or just a cliché, but in the case of Elon Musk’s roller-coast ride last week and over the years, it is completely right.  It seemed like a failure, but it was a step forward.

The explosion was far from SpaceX's first trouble. In 2008, the company almost went bankrupt after three launch failures. SpaceX's fourth launch was the company's last chance, as funding was ranning dry.

"I messed up the first three launches. The first three launches failed," Musk said in an interview in 2017. "That was the last money that we had for Falcon 1. That fourth launch worked. Or it would have been — that would have been it for SpaceX. But fate liked us that day."

Starship could be the vehicle to get Earth inhabitants to Mars. Not only were Americans thrilled about the launch, Chinese netizens were also excited about the colonization of the Red Planet. They were waiting eagerly for the live broadcasting of the launch, the show or a suspense movie of the year. It was the talk of the town across China last Monday.

The highly-anticipated launch was originally scheduled for Monday but postponed to Thursday due to a technical glitch. Prior to the actual launch, Musk, SpaceX CEO, had said that if Starship was “far enough away from the launchpad before something goes wrong, then I think I would consider that to be a success,” adding: "Just don’t blow up the launchpad."

Musk's hopes of flying to Mars are undimmed. It was a long way from his first plan until today and there were many failures on the way. In 2011, he revealed that he planned to send humans to Mars in 10 to 15 years. Three years later, he noted reusable rockets would be essential for humans to colonize the Red Planet.

"The reason SpaceX was created was to accelerate the development of rocket technology, all for the goal of establishing a self-sustaining, permanent base on Mars," Musk said. "And I think we're making some progress in that direction — not as fast as I'd like."

In 2016, Musk unveiled his technological plan for getting to Martian, whose final goal was to create a self-sustaining colony on Mars in the next 50 to 100 years.

In the following year, Musk published a paper, describing a future Red Planet city of a million people and giving more details about how the Interplanetary Transport System would transport cargoes and humans to the colony.

In February 2022, Musk followed up by saying that it may be possible to achieve a launch rate of one Starship vehicle every six to eight hours, and one Super Heavy rocket every hour, on missions that would send up to 150 tons of payload to orbit. Such a frequent launch rate would cut costs, Musk said, making Mars settlements more financially feasible.

Two days after the inaugural launch of Starship, Musk disclosed the possible reason for the failed launch. “3 months ago, we started building a massive water-cooled, steel plate to go under the launch mount. Wasn’t ready in time & we wrongly thought, based on static fire data, that Fondag would make it through 1 launch. Looks like we can be ready to launch again in 1 to 2 months,” Musk twitted on April 22.

“Still early in analysis, but the force of the engines when they throttled up may have shattered the concrete, rather than simply eroding it. The engines were only at half thrust for the static fire test,” he added.  

Chinese scientists saw the gap between China and the United States in the space industry. SpaceX hopes to increase “the frequency of Starship launches in order to bring down costs and make the launches of Starships as frequent as airline flights… if the new reusable human landing system works, that would be a breakthrough in technology,” five experts with Guangzhou Zhongke Aerospace Exploration Technology Co., Ltd  and the Chinese Academy of Sciences were quoted as saying in an article published in Aerospace Science, a monthly publication under the direct leadership of  China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (CASTC). CASTC is a state-owned enterprise and the main contractor to China’s space program, which designs, develops and manufactures a range of spacecraft and launched vehicles.

The United States, China and Russia are engaging in a race in terms of space stations. China launched two lab modules – Wentian (“Quest for the Heavens) and Mengtian (Dreaming of the Heavens) to the permanent space station in 2022. To date, scientific experiments in the modules are going smoothly. In addition, China and the European Space Agency are working on 10 joint space station projects together.  

The experts stressed in another article published in Aerospace Science that only SpaceX in the world is able to recover rockets and launch them into the orbit again. China should be fully aware of its gap with the U.S. peers and catch up by achieving breakthroughs in reusable rocket technologies.

Let’s hope there will be a successful Starship launch in one or two months. If not, let's keep hoping until it succeeds. As the tale of navigator Dias shows, a stormy cape can be a cape of hope for mankind. 

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